Goal realization is composed of four processes: self-observation, self-evaluation, self-reaction, and self-efficacy [1]. Self-efficacy can be defined as individuals’ beliefs about their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance that influence over events affecting their lives. The beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves, and behave, which are added to the production of diverse effects through cognitive, motivation, and affective processes [2]. According to Tirana 2013, the four sources of information that individual employs to judge their efficacy are performance outcomes (performance accomplishments), vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological feedback (emotional arousal). These components help individuals determine if they believe they have the capability to accomplish specific tasks [3].
The root meaning of the word anxiety is “to vex or trouble”; in either the presence or absence of psychological stress, anxiety can create feelings of fear, worry, uneasiness, and dread [4]. Anxiety can be defined as a psychological and physiological state characterized by physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral components. It is considered to be a normal response to stress. It may help an individual to cope with the demands of life, but in excess, it may be considered as an anxiety disorder [5]. Future anxiety can be defined as a state of apprehension, uncertainty, fear, worry, and concern of unfavorable changes in a more remote personal future. In an extreme case, this would be a threat (panic) that something really 34catastrophic may happen to a person [6]. People who suffer from future anxiety have some characteristics as decremented efficiency in experimental tasks [7]. Negative effects of future anxiety are as follows: on the cognitive level, El-Meshekhy [8] refers that future anxiety may lead to [1] an impairment of the subjective expectancy of positive outcomes of one’s own actions, so lessening the probability of success and [2] an attention concentration on the present time and events; or escapism into the known past, both mechanisms limiting the temporal space of an individual. On the behavioral level, Cassady [9] refers that future anxiety may lead to [1] a passive waiting of what can occur [2]; withdrawal from risky, open, and constructive activities [3]; keeping to routine ways and tested methods of dealing with situations encountered in life [4]; undertaking preventive activities in order to preserve the status quo rather than taking risks to increase present opportunities [5]; using different regressive-type defense mechanisms such as accusation, rationalization, or repression, in order to reduce the negative state; and [6] the use of social relationships to help secure one’s own future.
A negative correlation is found between social anxiety and self-efficacy by Al Rauwaili et al. [10]. Self-efficacy promotes resilience unlike anxiety which impairs resilience that affects well-being as proven by Wylds [11].