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Table 6 Association between sociodemographic variables and anxiety

From: Prevalence and correlates of stress, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study

 

Level of anxiety

χ2

df

p-value

Normal

Borderline abnormal

Abnormal

Age category (years)

18–64

47

69

116

9.57

2

< 0.01*

65 and more

6

36

49

Gender

Male

26

61

102

2.7

2

0.259

Female

27

44

63

Primary caretakers

Spouse

43

86

112

15.22

6

< 0.05*

Children

5

16

45

Parents

4

2

4

Others

1

1

4

Educational status

Illiterate

9

27

63

11.75

6

0.068

Primary

23

40

57

Secondary

15

26

27

University

6

12

18

Marital status

Single

2

1

2

13.76

4

< 0.01*

Married

47

88

118

Widowed

4

16

45

Employment

Employed

23

51

78

0.385

2

0.825

Unemployed

30

54

87

Monthly income (rupees)

< 5000/-

33

75

99

3.73

2

0.155

> 5000/-

20

30

66

Lifestyle

Sedentary

2

4

24

20.09

6

< 0.01*

< 1 h of moderate activity of work

6

29

46

1 h of moderate activity of work

18

28

33

> 1 h of moderate activity of work

27

44

62

Behavior towards others

Good

43

66

56

45.21

4

< 0.001*

Fair

7

24

60

Poor

3

15

49

Social habits

Nil

33

64

91

10.01

12

0.616

Smoking

17

31

51

Alcoholic

2

1

11

Chewing tobacco

0

1

2

Smoking, alcoholic

1

6

8

Smoking, chewing tobacco

0

2

1

Chewing tobacco, alcoholic

0

0

1

Other life stressors

Nil

49

99

149

7.6

6

0.269

Family problems

3

1

7

Job stress

1

1

6

Financial

0

4

3

Avoiding problems

No

47

71

78

35.03

6

< 0.001*

Somewhat

0

4

20

Not often

1

5

15

Often

5

25

52

Length of hospital stay (days)

Less than 15 days

52

93

122

20.15

2

< 0.001*

15 or more days

1

12

43

ICU stay (days)

< 5 days

53

100

149

6.98

2

< 0.05*

5 or more days

0

5

16

Permanent disabilities

No

52

103

159

0.9

2

0.64

Yes

1

2

6

Number of frequent visits to hospital/month

< 5 days

53

94

144

7.34

2

< 0.05*

5 or more days

0

11

21

  1. χ2 chi-square, df degree of freedom. *P-value < 0.05, considered as statistically significant