Table 3 Rasch model items fit statistics of the CPQ including locations, fit residuals, and chi-square for the baseline analysis of sample A

1

“Have you pushed yourself really hard to meet your goals?”

− 0.06

0.01

6.24

2

“Have you tended to focus on what you have achieved, rather than on what you have not achieved?”

0.18

2.47

11.27

3

“Have you been told that your standards are too high?”

0.19

1.89

3.93

4

“Have you felt a failure as a person because you have not succeeded in meeting your goals?”

0.00

3.82^*

15.56

5

“Have you been afraid that you might not reach your standards?”

− 0.24

1.41

0.94

6

“Have you raised your standards because you thought they were too easy?”

0.24

− 0.10

2.17

7

“Have you judged yourself on the basis of your ability to achieve high standards?”

− 0.20

− 0.94

11.75

8

“Have you done just enough to get by?”

− 0.07

2.79^*

2.81

9

“Have you repeatedly checked how well you are doing at meeting standards?”

− 0.21

0.90

2.09

10

“Do you think that other people would have thought of you as ‘perfectionist’?”

− 0.09

0.04

8.45

11

“Have you kept trying to meet your standards, even if this has meant that you have missed out on things?”

− 0.11

− 1.90

17.96^*

12

“Have you avoided any tests of your performance in case you failed?”

0.36

0.54

2.45