|
Age of child (years):
|
|
Mean ± SD
|
10.4 ± 2.6
|
10.2 ± 3.3
|
0.6
|
10.9 ± 3.4
|
9.9 ± 2.8
|
0.04*
|
11.1 ± 2.6
|
9.9 ± 3.2
|
0.02*
|
|
Sex, n (%):
|
|
Male
|
21 (39.6%)
|
94 (96.9%)
|
< 0.001*
|
56 (100%)
|
59 (62.8%)
|
< 0.001*
|
26 (56.5%)
|
89 (85.6%)
|
< 0.001**
|
|
Female
|
32 (60.4%)
|
3 (3.1%)
|
0 (0.0%)
|
35 (37.2%)
|
20 (43.5%)
|
15 (14.4%)
|
|
Residence, n (%):
|
|
Urban
|
47 (88.7%)
|
88 (90.7%)
|
0.7
|
50 (89.3%)
|
85 (90.4%)
|
0.8
|
43 (93.5%)
|
92 (88.2%)
|
0.3
|
|
Rural
|
6 (11.3%)
|
9 (9.3%)
|
6 (10.7%)
|
9 (9.6%)
|
3 (6.5%)
|
12 (11.5%)
|
|
Social class, n (%):
|
|
Low
|
25 (47.2%)
|
50 (51.5%)
|
0.6
|
31 (55.4%)
|
44 (46.8%)
|
0.4
|
25 (54.3%)
|
50 (48.1%)
|
0.1
|
|
Middle
|
21 (39.6%)
|
31 (32.0%)
|
19 (33.9%)
|
33 (35.1%)
|
11 (24.0%)
|
41 (39.4%)
|
|
High
|
7 (13.2%)
|
16 (16.5%)
|
6 (10.7%)
|
17 (18.1%)
|
10 (21.7%)
|
13 (12.5%)
|
|
Marital state of the parents, n (%):
|
|
Married
|
48 (90.6%)
|
79 (81.4%)
|
0.07
|
44 (78.6%)
|
83 (88.3%)
|
< 0.001*
|
44 (95.7%)
|
83 (79.8%)
|
0.04*
|
|
Divorced
|
5 (9.4%)
|
9 (9.3%)
|
3 (5.4%)
|
11 (11.7%)
|
2 (4.3%)
|
12 (11.5%)
|
|
Widow
|
0 (0.0%)
|
9 (9.3%)
|
9 (16.1%)
|
0 (0.0%)
|
0 (0.0%)
|
9 (8.7%)
|
|
The number of other siblings
|
|
Median (range)
|
2 (0–4)
|
2 (0–4)
|
0.9
|
2 (0–4)
|
1 (0–3)
|
0.8
|
2 (0–3)
|
2 (0–4)
|
0.4
|
|
Confirmed positive cases of COVID-19 among family members, n (%):
|
|
Yes
|
27 (50.9%)
|
63 (64.9%)
|
0.09
|
33 (58.9%)
|
57 (60.6%)
|
0.8
|
24 (52.2%)
|
66 (63.5%)
|
0.2
|
|
No
|
26 (49.1%)
|
34 (35.1%)
|
23 (41.1%)
|
37 (39.4%)
|
22 (47.8%)
|
38 (36.5%)
|
|
Lost family member due to COVID-19, n (%):
|
|
Yes
|
0 (0.0%)
|
18 (18.6%)
|
< 0.001*
|
9 (16.1%)
|
9 (9.6%)
|
0.5
|
3 (6.5%)
|
15 (14.4%)
|
0.04*
|
|
No
|
53 (100%)
|
79 (81.4%)
|
47 (83.9%)
|
85 (90.4%)
|
43 (93.5%)
|
89 (85.6%)
|
|
Father’s current working state, n (%):
|
|
Go to work as regular
|
32 (60.4%)
|
65 (67.0%)
|
0.3
|
36 (64.3%)
|
61 (64.9%)
|
0.003*
|
26 (56.5%)
|
71 (68.3%)
|
0.2
|
|
Online working from home
|
15 (28.3%)
|
17 (17.5%)
|
8 (14.3%)
|
24 (25.5%)
|
14 (30.4%)
|
18 (17.3%)
|
|
Not working because of COVID-19
|
6 (11.3%)
|
12 (12.4%)
|
12 (21.4%)
|
6 (6.4%)
|
6 (13.0%)
|
12 (11.5%)
|
|
Not working since before COVID-19
|
0 (0.0%)
|
3 (3.1%)
|
0 (0.0%)
|
3 (3.2%)
|
0 (0.0%)
|
3 (2.9%)
|
|
Mother’s current working state, n (%):
|
|
Not working because of COVID-19
|
20 (37.7%)
|
41 (42.3%)
|
0.3
|
23 (41.1%)
|
38 (40.4%)
|
0.9
|
22 (47.8%)
|
39 (37.5%)
|
0.2
|
|
Not working since before COVID-19
|
12 (22.6%)
|
29 (29.9%)
|
15 (26.8%)
|
26 (27.7%)
|
9 (19.6%)
|
32 (30.8%)
|
|
Online working from home
|
15 (28.3%)
|
15 (15.5%)
|
12 (21.4%)
|
18 (19.1%)
|
12 (26.1%)
|
18 (17.3%)
|
|
Go to work as regular
|
6 (11.3%)
|
12 (12.4%)
|
6 (10.7%)
|
12 (12.8%)
|
3 (6.5%)
|
15 (14.4%)
|
|
Direct follow-up with a psychiatrist since COVID-19, n (%):
|
|
Yes
|
3 (5.7%)
|
3 (3.1%)
|
0.3
|
3 (5.4%)
|
3 (3.2%)
|
0.5
|
3 (6.5%)
|
3 (2.9%)
|
0.3
|
|
No
|
50 (94.3%)
|
94 (96.9%)
|
53 (94.6%)
|
91 (96.8%)
|
43 (93.5%)
|
101 (97.1%)
|
|
The compliance of the ADHD children on treatment as compared to before COVID-19:
|
|
Compliant
|
58 (59.7%)
|
16 (30.1%)
|
0.032*
|
47 (84%)
|
48 (51.1%)
|
0.006*
|
28 (60.8%)
|
32 (30.7%)
|
0.032*
|
|
Non-compliant
|
39 (40.3%)
|
37 (69.8%)
|
9 (16%)
|
46 (48.9%)
|
18 (39.2%)
|
72 (69.3%)
|
|
The parent’s attitude towards the child’s behavior problems as compared to before COVID-19, n (%):
|
|
Not abusive
|
9 (17.0%)
|
17 (17.6%)
|
0.1
|
0 (0.0%)
|
26 (27.6%)
|
< 0.001*
|
3 (6.5%)
|
23 (22.1%)
|
0.9
|
|
Verbally abusive
|
18 (34.0%)
|
12 (12.4%)
|
6 (10.7%)
|
24 (25.5%)
|
18 (39.1%)
|
12 (11.5%)
|
|
Both verbally and physically abusive
|
26 (49.0%)
|
68 (70.0%)
|
50 (89.3%)
|
44 (46.9%)
|
25 (54.4%)
|
69 (66.4%)
|
