N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD): presence and association with symptom profile

Middle East Current Psychiatry

Table 2 Statistical correlation of anti-NMDAR antibody with developmental milestones in the patient group of the study

Parameter		NMDA		Test of significance
		Negative	Positive	Test of significance
		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Value	p-value	Sig.
		N (%)	N (%)	Value	p-value	Sig.
Gross motor milestones	Adequate	44 (68.75%)	23 (100%)	X² = 9.33	0.002^(C)	S
Gross motor milestones	Delayed	20 (31.25%)	0 (0%)	X² = 9.33	0.002^(C)	S
Fine motor milestones	Adequate	33 (51.56%)	20 (86.96%)	X² = 8.90	0.003^(C)	S
Fine motor milestones	Delayed	31 (48.44%)	3 (13.04%)	X² = 8.90	0.003^(C)	S
Speech stage	Preverbal	55 (85.94%)	14 (60.87%)		0.017^(F)	S
Speech stage	Phrase	9 (14.06%)	9 (39.13%)		0.017^(F)	S
Regression	None reported	28 (43.75%)	7 (30.43%)	X² = 1.248	0.264^(C)	NS
Regression	Present	36 (56.25%)	16 (69.57%)	X² = 1.248	0.264^(C)	NS
Age when regression was noticed—months		9 (0–24)	12 (0–24)	U = 677.0	0.554^(M)	NS

SD Standard deviation, N Number, S Significant, NS Not significant, ^(T)Student’s t-test of significance (t = Student’s t-test value). ^(C)Chi-square test of significance (X² = chi-square test value). ^(F)Monte-Carlo Fisher’s exact test of significance. ^(M)Mann-Whitney’s test of significance (U = Mann-Whitney’s test value)