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Table 2 Comparison between autistic and non-autistic children in demographic data

From: Prevalence and risk factors of autism spectrum disorders in preschool children in Sharkia, Egypt: a community-based study

Variable

Autistic

(n = 20)

Non autistic#

(n = 84)

χ2

P

No.

%

No.

%

Age group

      

 4-5 years

16

80

39

46.4

Fisher

0.006**

Sex (Male)

15

75

53

63.1

1.01

0.32 (NS)

Father education

      

 Read and write

0

0

2

2.4

  

 Middle education♦

6

30

44

52.4

Fisher

0.13

 University

14

70

38

45.2

 

NS

Mother education

      

 Read and write

0

0

2

2.4

  

 Middle education♦

2

10

41

48.8

Fisher

0.005**

 University

18

90

41

48.8

  

Father occupation

      

 Employee

7

35

33

39.3

  

 Private work

13

65

32

38.1

Fisher

0.06

 Vocational worker

0

0

15

17.9

 

NS

 Professional

0

0

4

4.8

  

Mother occupation

      

 Housewife

9

45

55

65.5

2.86

0.09

 Working

11

55

29

34.5

 

NS

Who care â—˜

      

 Father

5

45.4

5

17.2

  

 Grand mom and pap

3

27.3

8

27.6

Fisher

0.25

 Kinder garden

3

27.3

14

48.3

 

NS

 Other

0

0

2

6.9

  

Duration

      

 < 4 h

3

27.3

2

6.9

Fisher

0.11

 ≥ 4 h

8

72.7

27

93.1

 

NS

Social state of parents

      

 Married

20

100

82

97.6

Fisher

0.65

NS

Residence

      

 Urban

13

65

38

45.2

2.52

0.11

 Rural

7

35

46

54.8

 

NS

Factories near homeâ– 

      

 No◙

16

80

84

100

  

 Yes⌂

4

20

0

0

Fisher

0.001**

Home environment

      

 Extended

0

0

2

2.4

Fisher

0.65

 Nuclear

20

100

82

97.6

 

NS

Smoker inside home

      

 Yes (father)

9

45

41

48.8

0.09

0.76

NS

Sibling number

      

 ≤ 2

10

50

58

69

2.59

0.11

 <2

10

50

26

31

 

NS

Order of child

      

 First

10

50

41

48.8

  

 Middle

8

40

6

7.1

Fisher

< 0.001**

 Last

2

10

37

44

  
  1. #Non-autistic children included here were those of the high-risk group
  2. ♦Middle education refers to primary, preparatory, secondary, and vocational education
  3. ◘Who care for the child during mother’s absence for working
  4. â– Any industries that could emit air pollutants and toxins such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) like petrochemical industries, iron smelters, oil refineries, polypropylene plants, power companies and methanol industries, formaldehyde plants and urea industries, heavy industries, and metal industries
  5. â—™No answer means that the distance of the child home from the factory is > 20 km
  6. ⌂Yes answer means that the distance between the home of the child and the factory is ≤ 20 km
  7. **Statistically significant