Exploring the relationship of sleep quality with drug use and substance abuse among university students: a cross-cultural study

Middle East Current Psychiatry

Table 4 Relationship between sleep quality and substance abuse

Sleep quality	Abuser				Non-abuser				X²	P value
Sleep quality	Very good	Good	Bad	Very bad	Very good	Good	Gad	Very bad	X²	P value
Sedatives	14	55	26	18	245	389	132	56	24.188	0.000
Inhalants	25	83	27	18	234	361	131	56	13.77	0.003
Cigarettes	14	40	21	21	245	404	137	53	35.322	0.000
Narghile	6	12	5	7	253	432	153	67	10.341	0.016
Hookah	6	16	5	8	253	428	153	66	11.89	0.008
Chewing tobacco	9	23	11	10	250	421	147	64	11.54	0.009
Energy drinks	8	32	22	18	251	412	136	56	40.26	0.000
Soft drinks	44	102	49	31	215	342	109	43	24.35	0.000
Total of PSQI	Abuser				Non-abuser				T test	P value
Total of PSQI	Mean		SD		Mean		SD		T test	P value
Sedatives	12.33		4.235		9.15		4.317		7.343	0.000
Inhalants	11.45		4.368		9.16		4.344		5.951	0.000
Cigarettes	11.59		4.926		9.30		4.308		4.861	0.000
Narghile	12.51		4.559		9.42		4.384		4.088	0.000
Hookah	11.60		4.994		9.47		4.394		2.601	0.009
Chewing tobacco	11.06		5.119		9.45		4.369		2.579	0.010
Energy drinks	12.18		5.305		9.29		4.257		5.663	0.000
Soft drinks	11.01		4.581		9.07		4.275		5.836	0.000