From: Cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Characteristics | N (%)/median (IQR) |
---|---|
*BMI (weight in kg/height in m2) | |
 < 18.5–24.9 | 12 (4.6) |
 25–29.9 | 64 (24.4) |
 ≥ 30 | 186 (71.0) |
Practicing exercise | |
 Yes (1–5 days/week, 30 min each) | 167 (62.1) |
 No | 102 (37.9) |
Type of diabetes | |
 Type 1 | 34 (12.6) |
 Type 2 | 235 (87.4) |
Duration in years | |
 < 10 years | 115 (42.8) |
 ≥ 10 years | 154 (57.2) |
Frequency of testing | |
 Glucose home testing at least once daily | 110 (40.9) |
 HbA1c, at least once every 3 months | 226 (84.0) |
*HbA1C% | |
 Controlled, ≤ 6.5 | 81 (31.9) |
 Uncontrolled, > 6.5 | 173 (68.1) |
*Blood pressure | |
 High systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg | 88 (33.0) |
 High diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg | 16 (6.0) |
 Combined, systolic > 140/diastolic > 90 mmHg | 98 (36.7) |
Comorbidities | |
 Hepatic | 67 (24.9) |
 Renal | 38 (14.1) |
 Cardiac | 32 (11.9) |
 Neurological | 15 (5.6) |
 Self-reported ophthalmic problems | 153 (56.9) |
 Self-reported numbness | 138 (51.3) |
Diabetes distress | |
 Distress of clinical importance, score ≥ 3 | 33 (12.3) |
 Distress of any level, score ≥ 2 | 104 (38.7) |
*Lipid profile | |
 LDL in mmol/L, median (IQR) | 2.45 (1.04) |
 High level of LDL ≥ 2.59 mmol/L | 118 (44.2) |
 Total cholesterol in mmol/L, median (IQR) | 4.27 (1.36) |
 High level of total cholesterol ≥ 5.18 mmol/L | 51 (19.1) |
 Triglycerides in mmol/L | 1.39 (0.73) |
 High level of triglycerides ≥ 1.69 mmol/L | 70 (26.2) |
 HDL in mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.14 (0.4) |
 Low level of HDL ≤ 1.55 mmol/L | 227 (85.0) |