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Table 5 Comparison between alcohol, combined alcohol, and non-alcohol use groups with control group regarding WCST domains

From: Cognitive dysfunction in adolescents with substance use disorder

 

Combined alcohol use group

Non-alcohol use group

Mono alcohol use group

Control group

p-Value

N = 100

N = 40

 

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

 

Number of categories completed

35

3 ± 1

56

3 ± 1

9

4 ± 1

40

5 ± 1

0.05*

Trials to first category

35

32 ± 3

56

33 ± 4

9

31 ± 1

40

20 ± 3

0.047*

Failure to maintain set

35

2 ± 1

56

2 ± 1

9

10

40

1 ± 1

0.1

Total number of errors

35

58 ± 14

56

64 ± 15

9

44 ± 2

40

34 ± 4

0.038*

Number of perseverative errors

35

28 ± 7

56

24 ± 9

9

32 ± 2

40

18 ± 3

0.029*

Number of perseverative responses

35

43 ± 4

56

45 ± 5

9

42 ± 2

40

26 ± 4

0.7

Number of non-perseverative errors

35

25 ± 8

56

31 ± 6

9

21 ± 4

40

16 ± 5

0.6

  1. *p-value < 0.05 significance. Shows that mono alcohol use group showed a higher mean than control, non-alcohol use group as regard number of perseverative errors, and the difference had statistically critical (p = 0.029) which means that alcohol use might affect flexibility domain critical. Mono alcohol use and control groups showed a lower mean than combined alcohol use group and non-alcohol user group as regard total number of errors, and the difference had statistically critical p = 0. 038. Mono, combined, and non-alcohol use groups show lower mean than control groups as regard number of category completed and higher mean than control as regard numbers of trial to first category, and the difference had statistically critical p = 0.05