Middle East Current Psychiatry

Table 6 Craving assessment using the heroin craving questionnaire (HCQ-13) for heroin users, pre-TMS, and post-TMS in both real and sham TMS-receiving patient groups

From: The role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in reduction of opioid craving: a single-blinded randomized sham-controlled clinical trial

HCQ-13		Sham vs real rTMS
HCQ-13		Real	Sham	T test (t)	P value
Pre	Range	2.14–6.15	2.07–5.92	1.102	0.277
Pre	Mean ±SD	4.466±1.347	4.014±1.248	1.102	0.277
Post	Range	1.92–4.61	2.01–5.9	−3.386	0.002*
Post	Mean ±SD	2.669±1.062	3.921±1.188	−3.386	0.002*
Differences	Mean ±SD	1.716±1.447	0.093±0.237
Paired test	P value	<0.001*	0.088
HCQ-14		Sham vs real rTMS
HCQ-14		Real	Sham	T test (t)	P value
Pre	Range	2.14–6.14	2.14–5.93	1.099	0.279
Pre	Mean ±SD	4.471±1.335	4.022±1.248	1.099	0.279
Post	Range	1.85–4.64	2.12–5.9	−3.324	0.002*
Post	Mean ±SD	2.692±1.061	3.917±1.181	−3.324	0.002*
Differences	Mean ±SD	1.700±1.396	0.105±0.243
Paired test	P value	<0.001*	0.061

N number, % percentage, X² chi square, *significant, s standard deviation

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