Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the participants with regard to substance-related factors

Main substance

Hash

8

5.3%

Synthetic cannabinoids

26

17.3%

Tramadol

18

12.0%

Heroin

71

47.3%

Amphetamine

1

0.7%

Polysubstance

22

14.7%

Pregabalin

3

2.0%

Slcohol

1

0.7%

Max dose of heroin if it is the main substance

Less than 0.5

2

2.3%

0.5–1 gm

26

30.2%

More than 1 gm

58

67.4%

Route of intake

Smoke

35

23.3%

Injection

49

32.7%

Oral

22

14.7%

Multiple

22

14.7%

Sniffing

22

14.7%

Duration of abuse

1–3 years

2

1.3%

More than 3 years

148

98.7%