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Table 2 Prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak (total N = 1100)

From: The hidden crisis: COVID-19 and impact on mental health of medical students in Pakistan

Variable

Gender

Phase of study

Past H/O psychiatric illness

 

Total (N = 1100)

Males (N = 344)

Females (N = 756)

P value

Preclinical

(N = 446)

Clinical

(N = 653)

P value

Past H/O psychiatric illness present

(N = 299)

Past H/O psychiatric illness absent

(N = 801)

P value

 

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

 

n (%)

n (%)

 

n (%)

n (%)

 

Depressiona

 Absent

571 (51.9)

209 (60.8)

362 (47.9)

0.000*

216 (48.4)

366 (56)

0.031*

99 (33.1)

472 (58.9)

0.000**

 Present

529 (48.1)

135 (39.2)

394 (52.1)

230 (51.6)

298 (45.6)

 

200 (66.9)

329 (41.1)

 

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)b

 Absent

565 (51.4)

215 (62.5)

350 (46.3)

0.000**

214 (48.0)

350 (53.6)

0.039*

82 (27.4)

483 (60.3)

0.000**

 Present

535 (48.6)

129 (37.5)

406 (53.7)

232 (52.0)

303 (46.4)

 

217 (72.6)

318 (39.7)

 
  1. Abbreviations: n number, GAD generalized anxiety disorder
  2. aDepressive symptoms included individuals who scored ≥ 8 points
  3. bGAD was defined as individuals who scored ≥ 7 points
  4. *P value statistically significant < 0.05
  5. **P value statistically significant < 0.001