Table 4 Factors associated with PTSD symptoms among COVID-19 survivors
Variable | Total IES-R score | t | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No-to-mild symptoms (n = 24) | Moderate-to-severe (n = 61) | ||||||
Age | Mean ± SD | 34.5 ± 8.5 | 36.5 ± 9.7 | −0.89 | 0.375 | ||
No | % | No | % | χ2 | |||
Gender | Female | 16 | 66.7 | 53 | 86.9 | 4.608 | 0.032 |
Male | 8 | 33.3 | 8 | 13.1 | |||
Marital status | Married | 20 | 83.3 | 55 | 90.2 | 0.77 | 0.379 |
Not married | 4 | 16.7 | 6 | 9.8 | |||
Residence | Rural | 15 | 62.5 | 40 | 65.6 | 0.071 | 0.790 |
Urban | 9 | 37.5 | 21 | 34.4 | |||
Level of education | Low to moderate | 10 | 41.7 | 43 | 70.5 | 6.10 | 0.014 |
High | 14 | 58.3 | 18 | 29.5 | |||
Occupation | Skilled | 21 | 87.5 | 56 | 91.8 | 1.17 | 0.558 |
Employee | 3 | 12.5 | 4 | 6.6 | |||
Unemployed | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.6 | |||
Hx of psychiatric illnesses | Yes | 3 | 12.5 | 4 | 6.6 | 0.81 | 0.370 |
No | 21 | 87.5 | 57 | 93.4 | |||
Hx of medical illnesses | Yes | 5 | 20.8 | 14 | 23.0 | 0.044 | 0.833 |
No | 19 | 79.2 | 47 | 77.0 | |||
Hx of COVID-19 symptom severity | Mild | 17 | 70.8 | 23 | 37.7 | 7.59 | 0.006 |
Moderate to severe | 7 | 29.2 | 38 | 62.3 | |||
Medications given during COVID-19 infection | Antibiotics | 21 | 95.5 | 53 | 94.6 | 0.02 | 0.884 |
Anticoagulants | 13 | 59.1 | 36 | 64.3 | 0.18 | 0.669 | |
Antimalarial | 11 | 50.0 | 26 | 46.4 | 0.08 | 0.776 | |
Iverizine | 14 | 63.6 | 39 | 69.6 | 0.26 | 0.609 | |
Steroids | 10 | 45.5 | 35 | 44.9 | 1.88 | 0.170 | |
MWU | |||||||
Home isolation (days) | Mean ± SD | 12.59 ± 10.30 | 8.56 ± 9.24 | −0.91 | 0.361 | ||
Hospital isolation (days) | 4.70 ± 6.93 | 7.25 ± 9.73 | −1.04 | 0.298 | |||
HADS scoring | |||||||
Depression | 4.17 ± 2.97 | 9.72 ± 3.48 | −1.41 | 0.157 | |||
Anxiety | 4.42 ± 2.98 | 9.74 ± 3.64 | −1.93 | 0.054 | |||