Table 3 Characteristics of the study participants by depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms (n = 447)
Depression, n (%) | Anxiety, n (%) | Insomnia, n (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No 87 (19.5) | Yes 360 (80.5) | No 116 (26.0) | Yes 331 (74.0) | No 117 (26.2) | Yes 330 (73.8) | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 50 (37.6) | 83 (62.4) | 59 (44.4) | 74 (55.6) | 45 (33.8) | 88 (66.2) |
Female | 37 (11.8) | 277 (88.2) | 57 (18.2) | 257 (81.8) | 72 (22.9) | 242 (77.1) |
P value | < 0.001 * | < 0.001 * | < 0.016 * | |||
Age, years | ||||||
14–19 | 8 (8.4) | 87 (91.6) | 16 (16.8) | 79 (83.2) | 20 (21.1) | 75 (78.9) |
20–24 | 79 (22.4) | 273 (77.6) | 100 (28.4) | 252 (71.6) | 97 (27.6) | 255 (72.4) |
P value | 0.002 * | 0.022 * | 0.201 | |||
Residence | ||||||
Urban | 65 (19.4) | 270 (80.6) | 85 (25.4) | 250 (74.6) | 86 (25.7) | 249 (74.3) |
Rural | 22 (19.6) | 90 (80.4) | 31 (27.7) | 81 (72.3) | 31 (27.7) | 81 (72.3) |
P value | 0.956 | 0.630 | 0.676 | |||
Medical history of physical illness | ||||||
No | 86 (20.1) | 341 (79.9) | 115 (26.9) | 312 (73.1) | 116 (27.2) | 311 (72.8) |
Yes | 1 (5.0) | 19 (95.0) | 1 (5.0) | 19 (95.0) | 1 (5.0) | 19 (95.0) |
P value | 0.145 | 0.029 * | < 0.028 * | |||
Did your family get infected with COVID-19? | ||||||
No | 84 (20.7) | 321 (79.3) | 111 (27.4) | 294 (72.6) | 112 (27.7) | 293 (72.3) |
Yes | 3 (7.1) | 39 (92.9) | 5 (11.9) | 37 (88.1) | 5 (11.9) | 37 (88.1) |
P value | 0.034 * | 0.029 * | < 0.027 * | |||
Financial loss due to COVID-19 | ||||||
No | 31 (18.1) | 140 (81.9) | 50 (29.2) | 121 (70.8) | 49 (28.7) | 122 (71.3) |
Yes | 56 (20.3) | 220 (79.7) | 66 (23.9) | 210 (76.1) | 68 (24.6) | 208 (75.4) |
P value | 0.575 | 0.212 | < 0.348 | |||
Insomnia | ||||||
No | 67 (57.3) | 50 (42.7) | 74 (63.2) | 43 (36.8) | – | – |
Yes | 20 (6.1) | 310 (93.9) | 42 (12.7) | 288 (87.3) | – | – |
P value | < 0.001 * | < 0.001 * | – | |||
Anxiety | ||||||
No | 79 (68.1) | 37 (31.9) | – | – | 74 (63.8) | 42 (36.2) |
Yes | 8 (2.4) | 323 (97.6) | – | – | 43 (13.0) | 288 (87.0) |
P value | < 0.001 * | – | < 0.001 * | |||
Depression | ||||||
No | – | – | 79 (90.8) | 8 (9.2) | 67 (77.0) | 20 (23.0) |
Yes | – | – | 37 (10.3) | 323 (89.7) | 50 (13.9) | 310 (86.1) |
P value | – | < 0.001 * | < 0.001 * | |||