Table 8 Differences in mean “perception of efficacy and self-efficacy” scores, according to country of origin
Perception of efficacy and self-efficacy | Saudi Arabia | Egypt | Jordan | Total | Kruskal-Wallis test | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 468 | n = 162 | n = 93 | N = 723 | |||
1. Do you think that frequent hand hygiene helps to prevent COVID-19? | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.56 ± 0.936 | 4.07 ± 0.902 | 4.55 ± 0.841 | 4.45 ± 1.938 | Chi-square = 68.700 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 393.96 | 262.94 | 373.71 | |||
2. Do you think that wearing masks helps to prevent COVID-19? | ||||||
M ± SD | 3.83 ± 1.104 | 3.61 ± 0.934 | 4.16 ± 1.145 | 3.83 ± 1.084 | Chi-square = 25.954 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 365.02 | 308.44 | 440.1 | |||
3. Do you think that maintaining social distancing helps to prevent COVID-19? | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.80 ± 0.549 | 4.09 ± 0.825 | 4.74 ± 0.509 | 4.63 ± 0.682 | Chi-square = 166.683 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 408.02 | 217.97 | 381.31 | |||
4. Do you think that quarantine helps to prevent COVID-19? | ||||||
M±SD | 4.82 ± 0.561 | 4.31 ± 0.768 | 4.74 ± 0.509 | 4.70 ± 0.641 | Chi-square = 110.845 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 398.96 | 255.17 | 362.10 | |||
5. Do you think that you will manage to implement hand hygiene, if this is advised? | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.80 ± 0.525 | 4.20 ± 0.953 | 4.71 ± 0.582 | 4.6 6± 0.695 | Chi-square = 93.544 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 396.31 | 258.92 | 368.92 | |||
6. Do you think that you will manage to implement mask-wearing, if this is advised? | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.56 ± 0.727 | 4.04 ± 0.984 | 4.35 ± 0.868 | 4.42 ± 0.837 | Chi-square = 49.050 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 394.11 | 279.14 | 344.77 | |||
7. Do you think that you will manage to implement social distancing, if this is advised? | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.73 ± 0.571 | 4.09 ± 1.026 | 4.39 ± 0.708 | 4.54 ± 0.762 | Chi-square = 84.597 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 404.69 | 269.50 | 308.29 | |||
8. Do you think that you will manage to implement quarantine, if this is advised? | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.79 ± 0.520 | 4.26 ± 0.846 | 4.42 ± 0.712 | 4.62 ± 0.672 | Chi-square = 92.419 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 404.86 | 272.89 | 301.56 | |||
Total self-efficacy scores | ||||||
M ± SD | 4.6130 ± 0.4762 | 4.0856 ± 0.6541 | 4.5081 ± 0.4329 | 4.4813 ± 0.5589 | Chi-square = 99.540 | < .001** |
Mean rank | 412.2 | 224.31 | 349.23 | |||