Table 5 Logistic regression analysis of sociodemographic and diabetes-related variables in relation to cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes

Older age category ≥ 50

1.27

0.56–2.86

1.46

0.60–3.52

Female gender

0.49

0.21–1.15

1.06

0.49–2.30

Low level of education

4.67

2.11–10.33*

5.86

2.57–13.35*

Occupation (employed)

0.58

0.27–1.26

0.57

0.27–1.23

Income (Low income)

4.59

0.57–37.31

1.34

0.56–3.21

Not exercising

1.00

0.47–2.09

1.54

0.84–2.86

Duration of diabetes

1.23

0.74–1.70

1.17

0.85–1.61

Diabetes distress of any level

2.26

1.04–4.89*

1.02

0.55–1.88

Ophthalmic complication

1.21

0.57–2.54

2.19

1.14–4.19*

HbA1c level

0.96

0.75–1.23

1.05

0.86–1.27

Dyslipidemia

2.06

0.58–7.23

1.29

0.41–4.07