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Table 3 Distribution of preventive behaviours from COVID-19 over the three periods of time

From: Preventive health behaviours during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic based on health belief model among Egyptians

 

At the beginning of pandemic

4 Weeks later

10 Weeks later

Test of sig

P value

Post hoc test

Mean ±SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Cough and respiratory etiquette

4.08 ± 0.99

4 (4–5)

3.68 ± 0.85

4 (3–4)

4.29 ± 0.77

4 (4–5)

93.05

P < 0.001*

P1,2,3 < 0.001*

Social distancing of at least 1 m

3.36 ± 0.91

3 (3–4)

3.31 ± 0.79

3 (3–4)

4.21 ± 0.69

4 (4–5)

188.79

P < 0.001*

P1 = 0.409

P2,3 < 0.001*

No shaking hands or kissing others

3.41 ± 1.18

3 (3–4)

3.21 ± 0.87

3 (3–4)

4.20 ± 0.67

4 (4–5)

174.63

P < 0.001*

P1 = 0.008

P2,3 < 0.001*

Leaving house for absolutely necessary things

3.61 ± 1.01

3 (3–4)

3.15 ± 0.73

3 (3–4)

4.17 ± 0.74

4 (4–5)

186.99

P < 0.001*

P1,2,3 < 0.001*

Washing hands regularly with soap and water for at least 20 s

3.15 ± 0.73

4 (3–4)

4.17 ± 0.74

3 (3–3)

3.62 ± 0.75

4 (3–4)

113.90

P < 0.001*

P1,3 < 0.001*

P2 = 0.862

Not touching eyes, nose and mouth by hands

3.29 ± 0.83

3 (3–4)

2.91 ± 0.55

3 (3–3)

3.39 ± 0.61

3 (3–4)

87.48

P < 0.001*

P1,3 < 0.001*

P2 = 0.049

No taking cell phone out of pocket

2.93 ± 1.10

3 (2–4)

2.68 ± 0.92

3 (2–3)

3.35 ± 1.04

3 (3–4)

145.10

P < 0.001*

P1,2,3 < 0.001*

Washing hands with soap immediately after entering home and before touching any things

3.15 ± 0.98

3 (2–4)

2.90 ± 0.89

3 (2–4)

3.77 ± 0.94

4 (3–4)

214.46

P < 0.001*

P1,2,3 < 0.001*

Total

27.44 ± 4.28

28 (25–31)

24.99 ± 3.18

25 (23–27)

31.03 ± 3.19

31.5 (29–33)

298.72

P < 0.001*

P1,2,3 < 0.001*

  1. *Significant, data are expressed as mean ±SD, median (IQR)